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China's Status Deficit and the Debut of the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank

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中文摘要

本文探討亞洲基礎設施投資銀行（AIIB）是否已成為中國主導、用以實現其地緣政治利益的權力工具。透過檢視亞投行的權力結構、制度設計與34項已核准計畫，本文發現，雖然亞投行在貸款決策時某種程度上偏離國際標準，但截至目前，該行本身並未呈現為規範挑戰者。相反地，它變得更具合作性與包容性，並將重心轉向互利合作與國際金融體系改革。本文主張，亞投行當前的配置源自中國地位赤字的下降，也就是中國被承認的國際金融地位與其自身對金融權力認知之間的落差縮小。量化與質化證據顯示，當亞投行構想最初出現時，中國的地位赤字較大，意味著在全球權力競爭中，亞投行更可能被不滿現狀的中國操控。隨著亞投行演化，中國的國際金融地位獲得正面承認，亞投行也得到更廣泛接受，中國的地位赤字因此縮小。結果是，亞投行已成為一個具有改革取向的多邊金融機構，願意為建立規則作出讓步，並尋求與其他國際金融機構合作。

Abstract

This paper seeks to explore whether the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) has become an instrument of power led by China to fulfill her geopolitical interests. After an investigation of the AIIB's power structure, institutional design, and its 34 approved projects, this study finds that although the AIIB deviates to some extent from international standards while considering loan decisions, the bank itself does not appear to be a norm challenger so far. Instead, it has become more cooperative and inclusive, with a shifting focus towards mutually beneficial cooperation and reform of the international financial system. This paper argues that the AIIB's current configuration results from the decrease in China's status deficit—the gap between China's recognized international financial status and its own perception of its financial power. Quantitative and qualitative evidence shows that when the idea of the AIIB was first conceived, China's status deficit was large, which meant that in a global power struggle the AIIB was more likely to be manipulated by a dissatisfied China. As the AIIB evolved, China's international financial status gained positive recognition and the AIIB received wider acceptance; China's status deficit shrank. As a result, the AIIB has become a reform-minded multilateral financial institution that has made concessions to establish rules and has sought collaboration with its counterparts.

引用格式

Chen, I. T.-y. (2020). China's Status Deficit and the Debut of the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank. The Pacific Review, 33(5), 697-727. https://doi.org/10.1080/09512748.2019.1577291
Chen, Ian Tsung-yen. "China's Status Deficit and the Debut of the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank." The Pacific Review, vol. 33, no. 5, 2020, pp. 697-727, doi.org/10.1080/09512748.2019.1577291.
Chen, Ian Tsung-yen. "China's Status Deficit and the Debut of the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank." The Pacific Review 33, no. 5 (2020): 697-727. https://doi.org/10.1080/09512748.2019.1577291
Chen, Ian Tsung-yen 2020, 'China's Status Deficit and the Debut of the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank', The Pacific Review, vol. 33, no. 5, pp. 697-727, https://doi.org/10.1080/09512748.2019.1577291.
Chen, Ian Tsung-yen. China's Status Deficit and the Debut of the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank. The Pacific Review. 2020;33(5):697-727. https://doi.org/10.1080/09512748.2019.1577291
@article{Chen2020ChinasStatusDefici,
  author = {Chen, Ian Tsung-yen},
  title = {China's Status Deficit and the Debut of the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank},
  year = {2020},
  journal = {The Pacific Review},
  volume = {33},
  number = {5},
  pages = {697-727},
  doi = {10.1080/09512748.2019.1577291},
  url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09512748.2019.1577291}
}