Political Systems and Financial Reform Process: A Comparative Study of China, Taiwan, and New Zealand

字級

中文摘要

本文主張，若一個政治制度更可能促成一致政府、建立強而有力的行政部門，並回應多數人的需求，金融改革就更可能從政策制定過程中出現並產生正面結果。相反地，抑制這些治理特徵的政治制度較不容易產生改革。本章比較中國、台灣與紐西蘭的金融改革過程。三者在1980年代初期的金融改革程度皆低，但之後結果不同。到2000年代中期，紐西蘭建立了最有效率且穩定的金融體系，台灣則落後，中國表現最差。證據顯示，中國的威權體制在形成具有強大行政權的一致政府方面可能最具優勢，但政策優先順序往往更回應少數權力菁英的利益，因此金融改革成果可能有限。台灣的總統制在執政黨同時控制行政與立法部門時，能產生較大的金融改革，但在分立政府下可能出現立法阻礙。紐西蘭的西敏寺體制則因一致政府、強大行政部門，以及紐西蘭國會持續穩定的支持，而產生最有效且最具效率的金融改革。

Abstract

This paper proposes that if a political system is more like to facilitate a unified government, to establish a strong executive body and to respond to the needs of the majority, financial reforms are more likely to emerge from the policymaking process and produce positive results. On the contrary, political systems that discourage those governing features are less likely to produce reforms. This chapter compares financial reform processes in China, Taiwan and New Zealand. All of them performed low level of financial reforms in the early 1980s but resulted in different situations later. In the mid-2000s, New Zealand heralded the most efficient and stable financial system; while Taiwan lagged behind and China performed the worst. Evidence showed that China's authoritarian system may be the most superior in forming a unified government with a strong executive, but the policy priority often responds more to the interests of a small group of power elites; therefore the result of financial reform can be limited. Taiwan's presidential system can produce greater financial reform when the ruling party controls both executive and legislative bodies, but legislative obstructions may occur under a divided government. New Zealand's Westminster system produces the most effective and efficient financial reform due to its unified government and a strong executive branch with consistent and stable supports from the New Zealand Parliament.

引用格式

Chen, I. T.-y. (2015). Political systems and financial reform process: A comparative study of China, Taiwan, and New Zealand. In Berman, E., & Haque, S. (Eds.), Asian Leadership in Policy and Governance (pp. 345-375). UK: Emerald. https://doi.org/10.1108/S2053-769720150000024014

Chen, Ian Tsung-yen. "Political Systems and Financial Reform Process: A Comparative Study of China, Taiwan, and New Zealand." Asian Leadership in Policy and Governance, edited by Evan Berman and Shamsul Haque, Emerald, 2015, pp. 345-375, doi.org/10.1108/S2053-769720150000024014.

Chen, Ian Tsung-yen. "Political Systems and Financial Reform Process: A Comparative Study of China, Taiwan, and New Zealand." In Asian Leadership in Policy and Governance, edited by Evan Berman and Shamsul Haque, 345-375. UK: Emerald, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1108/S2053-769720150000024014

Chen, Ian Tsung-yen 2015, 'Political systems and financial reform process: A comparative study of China, Taiwan, and New Zealand', in Evan Berman and Shamsul Haque, eds., Asian Leadership in Policy and Governance, Emerald, pp. 345-375, https://doi.org/10.1108/S2053-769720150000024014.

Chen, Ian Tsung-yen. Political systems and financial reform process: A comparative study of China, Taiwan, and New Zealand. In: Evan Berman and Shamsul Haque, editors. Asian Leadership in Policy and Governance. UK: Emerald. 2015. p. 345-375. https://doi.org/10.1108/S2053-769720150000024014

@incollection{Chen2015Politicalsystemsan,
  author = {Chen, Ian Tsung-yen},
  title = {Political systems and financial reform process: A comparative study of China, Taiwan, and New Zealand},
  year = {2015},
  booktitle = {Asian Leadership in Policy and Governance},
  editor = {Evan Berman and Shamsul Haque},
  publisher = {Emerald},
  address = {UK},
  pages = {345-375},
  doi = {10.1108/S2053-769720150000024014},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1108/S2053-769720150000024014}
}