This article argues that artificial intelligence is redefining the foundations of national power. In the past, national strength was largely measured by territory, industrial capacity, energy resources, and military equipment; today, it is increasingly determined by computing power, advanced chips, data, and algorithmic capabilities. In terms of hard power, AI can accelerate intelligence analysis, target identification, and autonomous weapons decision-making, shifting military competition from firepower toward decision speed and system integration. Economically, semiconductor design, manufacturing equipment, GPUs, energy, and capital have become critical strategic bottlenecks, while U.S.-China export controls and supply-chain restructuring are creating new strategic dilemmas for Taiwan, Japan, South Korea, and the European Union. In the realm of soft power, countries are competing to shape global rules through AI governance frameworks, platform algorithms, and technological narratives. The author emphasizes that success in the AI era will depend not only on who possesses the most computing power, but also on who can build the institutions, talent, and governance capacity needed to convert technological advantages into lasting national strength while preserving meaningful human control over critical decisions.